Liquid Biopsy Cell-free RNA-based Machine Learning Enables Preoperative Risk-Stratification of Uterine Leiomyosarcoma

The authors aimed to develop a plasma-based circulating cell-free RNA (cfRNA) machine learning classifier to differentiate between uterine leiomyosarcoma (UMS) and uterine leiomyoma (UM) preoperatively, addressing the clinical challenge of misclassification. Their study found that a 100-gene cfRNA signature achieved a high diagnostic performance, with an AUROC of 0.868, indicating its potential for effective risk stratification in surgical settings. These findings suggest that cfRNA profiling may enhance preoperative decision-making, though further validation in larger populations is necessary.