JAMA
Audio Summaries

Self-Directed vs Clinician-Delivered Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Chronic Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Jun 24, 2026

The authors aimed to compare the effectiveness of self-directed cognitive behavioral therapy for chronic pain (CBT-CP) with asynchronous feedback to clinician-delivered CBT-CP in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain. The study found that self-directed CBT-CP significantly reduced pain interference and improved secondary outcomes at 4 months, with benefits sustained at 12 months, suggesting it may be a more accessible alternative to traditional clinician-delivered therapy.

Prone Positioning in Infants With Acute Bronchiolitis: The PROPOSITIS Randomized Clinical Trial

Jun 17, 2026

The authors aimed to determine whether prone positioning in infants with moderate to severe acute bronchiolitis receiving high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) support could reduce the need for escalation to noninvasive or invasive ventilation. In a multicenter randomized trial involving 451 infants, they found no significant difference in the escalation of care between those in the prone position and those in the supine position. The study suggests that while prone positioning did not show a definitive benefit, further research is needed due to the wide confidence interval around the results.

Bispecific Antibody Ivonescimab Added to Chemotherapy in EGFR-Variant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: The HARMONi-A Randomized Clinical Trial

Jun 17, 2026

The study aimed to determine whether adding the bispecific antibody ivonescimab to chemotherapy improves overall survival in patients with EGFR-variant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who have progressed after prior EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy. Results showed that ivonescimab combined with chemotherapy significantly increased median overall survival to 16.8 months compared to 14.1 months with chemotherapy alone, indicating a clinically meaningful benefit despite a higher incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events.

An AI-Based OCT System to Detect Diabetic Macular Edema: A Prospective Validation and Noninferiority Randomized Clinical Trial

Jun 15, 2026

The authors aimed to evaluate the diagnostic and referral performance of an AI-based optical coherence tomography (AI-OCT) system for detecting diabetic macular edema (DME) within a diabetic retinopathy screening pathway. Their findings demonstrated that the AI-OCT system significantly reduced false-positive referral rates compared to standard fundus photograph-based screening, while maintaining high sensitivity for DME detection, thus suggesting its potential to alleviate the burden on specialist eye clinics.

Lifestyle and Metformin Interventions and Risk of Multimorbidity in Adults With Prediabetes

Jun 15, 2026

The authors aimed to investigate the long-term effects of lifestyle interventions and metformin on the risk of multimorbidity in adults with prediabetes. Their findings revealed that lifestyle interventions significantly reduced the risk of developing multiple chronic conditions compared to placebo, while metformin showed no such benefit. This suggests that lifestyle programs may be more effective in preventing the onset of chronic diseases in this population.

Low Back Pain: A Review

Jun 15, 2026

The authors review the prevalence, classification, and management of low back pain, a leading cause of disability affecting millions globally. They aim to clarify the distinctions between acute and chronic nonspecific low back pain and outline effective treatment strategies, emphasizing the importance of reassurance, physical activity, and a range of therapeutic options for both acute and chronic cases. The findings highlight that while acute low back pain often resolves on its own, chronic cases require more comprehensive management approaches.

Gastric Residual Volume Assessment in Critically Ill Children: The GASTRIC-PICU Randomized Clinical Trial

Jun 12, 2026

The study aimed to determine whether routine assessment of gastric residual volume (GRV) affects survival and mechanical ventilation duration in critically ill children receiving enteral feeding. The findings indicated that not routinely assessing GRV was noninferior to regular assessments every 6 hours regarding survival and days free from mechanical ventilation, while also significantly improving the percentage of children meeting their energy requirements within 72 hours.

Sodium Bicarbonate for In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Jun 11, 2026

This study aimed to determine whether the administration of sodium bicarbonate during in-hospital cardiac arrest increases the likelihood of patients achieving sustained return of spontaneous circulation. The randomized clinical trial found no significant difference in outcomes between the sodium bicarbonate group and the placebo group, leading to the conclusion that routine use of sodium bicarbonate in this context is not supported. Additionally, the sodium bicarbonate group experienced higher rates of alkalosis and hypernatremia.

Integrated Telehealth Rehabilitation and Quality of Life in Mechanically Ventilated Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Jun 10, 2026

This study aimed to determine whether an integrated telehealth-based rehabilitation program improves health-related quality of life in adults with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure requiring invasive mechanical ventilation. The results indicated that the intervention group experienced higher quality of life scores at 90 days post-discharge and lower all-cause mortality compared to usual care, suggesting that such rehabilitation strategies may be beneficial in this patient population.

High-Dose Intravenous Vitamin C and Mortality and Organ Dysfunction in Severe Burn Injury: The VICTORY Randomized Clinical Trial

Jun 10, 2026

The authors aimed to evaluate the efficacy of high-dose intravenous vitamin C in reducing mortality and organ dysfunction in patients with severe burn injuries. The randomized clinical trial found that vitamin C treatment did not improve 28-day mortality or persistent organ dysfunction and suggested potential harm, leading to early termination of the study. Specifically, the vitamin C group experienced higher mortality rates compared to the placebo group.