Total Neoadjuvant Therapy With Long-Course Radiotherapy Versus Chemoradiotherapy in High-Risk Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer (TNTCRT): A Multicenter, Randomized, Phase III Trial

The authors aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) using long-course radiotherapy combined with uninterrupted doublet chemotherapy against conventional neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) in patients with high-risk locally advanced rectal cancer. The study found that doublet-LC TNT significantly improved disease-free survival, metastasis-free survival, and pathologic complete response rates, while maintaining manageable toxicity levels, suggesting it may be a standard treatment option in this patient population. Further research is recommended to compare these results with other treatment regimens.