Preoperative contrast enhanced mammography evaluation of breast ductal carcinoma in situ and comparative analysis with pathological grading

The authors aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM) in diagnosing breast ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and to explore the relationship between CEM findings and the pathological nuclear grades of DCIS. The study found that CEM demonstrated significantly higher sensitivity compared to low-energy imaging and revealed distinct manifestations of DCIS based on nuclear grade, with high-grade lesions showing more calcifications and larger sizes. Overall, CEM proved to be a superior diagnostic tool for DCIS, providing valuable insights into the characteristics of different nuclear grades.