September 9, 2026 · The American journal of psychiatry · DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.20251163

Sex-Moderated and Sex-Specific Effects of Adverse Childhood Experiences on Neural Alcohol Cue Reactivity and Daily Craving in Individuals With Alcohol Use Disorder

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The authors aimed to investigate how adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) influence neural alcohol cue reactivity and daily craving in individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD), with a focus on potential sex differences. Their findings revealed that females exhibited greater neural activation in response to alcohol cues linked to ACEs compared to males, which in turn predicted daily craving only in females. This suggests that sex-specific neural pathways may underlie the relationship between ACEs and craving vulnerability in AUD, highlighting the need for tailored intervention strategies.

Lilli Rötzer, Judith Zaiser, Sabine Hoffmann, Inka Hiß, Iris Reinhard, Christine Heim, Heike Tost, Falk Kiefer, Bernd Lenz, Patrick Bach

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