Psychiatry & Neurology
Audio Summaries

Framing youth and social media: mixed-methods media discourses before and after Netflix's <em>Adolescence</em>

The authors aimed to investigate how the release of the Netflix drama *Adolescence* influenced media framing of young people's social media use in the UK and Ireland. Their mixed-methods analysis revealed a significant increase in alarmist coverage and references to toxic masculinity following the show's release, alongside a decline in positive portrayals of social media. The study highlights the potential impact of fictional narratives on public discourse and policy discussions regarding youth and social media.

Potential for compensatory exercise engagement among individuals seeking weight loss: implications for eating disorder prevention and healthy activity promotion

The authors investigate the risks associated with compensatory exercise among individuals seeking weight loss, particularly its potential to lead to disordered eating and weight cycling. They emphasize the need for research to differentiate between compensatory and non-compensatory exercise, aiming to inform interventions that promote healthier exercise habits without linking physical activity to eating behaviors.

Association of Central Acetabular Osteophytes With Microinstability and Increased Combined Anteversion in Borderline Dysplasia Hips

This study investigates the relationship between central acetabular osteophytes (CAOs) and microinstability in hips with borderline developmental dysplasia (BDDH). The authors found that BDDH hips with CAOs exhibited higher rates of microinstability, ligamentum teres tears, and increased combined anteversion compared to those without CAOs, suggesting that CAOs may serve as a radiographic marker for instability and early osteoarthritis in this patient population.

Efficacy of psychological treatments for perinatal depression and anxiety: systematic review and network meta-analysis

The authors aim to evaluate the comparative efficacy of various psychological treatments for clinically significant perinatal depression and anxiety, which affect a significant proportion of women worldwide. They conduct a Bayesian network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials to assess both short- and long-term outcomes of these treatments. This systematic review seeks to provide a comprehensive synthesis of existing data to inform clinical practice.

Implementation of Dyadic Care to Support Clinical, Administrative, and Service Wraparound Needs for the Opioid-Exposed Mother and Infant

The authors aimed to evaluate the implementation of dyadic care models for opioid-exposed mothers and infants, addressing the lack of practical guidance in this area. Through a comparative analysis of five outpatient programs, they identified commonalities and differences in clinical, administrative, and service wraparound practices, revealing that while dyadic care is consistently defined, its operationalization varies significantly. The study highlights key elements that can enhance the effectiveness of dyadic care despite existing challenges related to funding, coordination, and resource limitations.

A Pragmatic SMART Study of Medication and CBT Sequencing in Pediatric Anxiety Disorders: A Randomized Clinical Trial

The authors aimed to determine whether starting treatment for pediatric anxiety disorders with fluoxetine or cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) leads to better outcomes, and how to optimize treatment if initial care is insufficient. The study found that symptom reduction was similar across all treatment sequences, with no significant advantage of combination therapy over monotherapy after three months. Additionally, the effectiveness of treatment varied by racial and ethnic background, suggesting the importance of tailoring approaches to individual patient preferences.

Changes in Rate and Indications for Remplissage When Performing Arthroscopic Bankart Repair for Anterior Shoulder Instability

The authors aimed to investigate trends in the utilization and indications for remplissage as an adjunct to arthroscopic Bankart repair (ABR) for anterior shoulder instability from 2012 to 2024. They found that the use of remplissage increased 4.5-fold over the study period, with most patients presenting with near-track or on-track lesions, indicating a shift towards broader application of the procedure beyond traditional indications. The study highlights the need for further research to assess whether these changes in practice lead to improved patient outcomes.

Medicaid Prior Authorization and Discontinuation of Buprenorphine

The authors investigate how Medicaid's utilization management policies, specifically prior authorization (PA), affect the duration of buprenorphine treatment episodes for opioid use disorder. Their analysis of national prescription claims data reveals that buprenorphine discontinuation rates are high across all Medicaid plans, with a notable decline in treatment continuation observed within the first three months, particularly among managed care organization (MCO) plans with PA. The findings suggest a need for further research into additional insurer policies that may impact treatment adherence.

Ethical Implications of the Slow Code: A Systematic Review of Ethics of Slow Codes in U.S. Hospitals

The authors investigate the ethical implications of "slow codes" in U.S. hospitals, where clinicians perform resuscitation efforts without full commitment, often in response to patient or family requests despite the futility of such interventions. Their systematic review of 34 studies reveals a significant divide among physicians regarding the permissibility of slow codes, with most ethics literature deeming them impermissible due to concerns about deception, patient autonomy, and moral distress. The findings underscore the need for improved communication and ethical guidance in navigating end-of-life care decisions.

Circadian Rhythm Stabilization App to Prevent Mood Episode Recurrence in Patients With Mood Disorders: A Multicenter, Double-Blind, Sham-Controlled, Randomized Clinical Trial

The authors aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the Circadian Rhythm for Mood (CRM) smartphone app in preventing mood episode recurrence in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD). In a randomized clinical trial involving 93 adults, the CRM app significantly reduced the recurrence rate of mood episodes compared to a sham app, suggesting its potential as a digital adjunct to standard care for mood disorders.