Cold Spells, Heat Waves, and Nonoptimal Air Temperature and Risk of Heart Failure Hospitalization in Sweden

This study aimed to investigate the associations between short-term exposure to cold spells, heat waves, and nonoptimal temperatures with heart failure (HF) hospitalization in Sweden. The findings revealed that cold spells and lower temperatures increased the risk of HF hospitalization, particularly with delayed effects, while higher temperatures also raised hospitalization odds but with more immediate effects. Overall, the research highlights the significant impact of extreme temperature events on heart failure exacerbations in a high-latitude context.