August 25, 2026 · BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · DOI: 10.1136/bmj-2026-100418

Prevalence of chronic traumatic encephalopathy at death in National Football League players: retrospective population based cohort study, 2008-21

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The study aimed to determine the prevalence of chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) at death among former National Football League (NFL) players and to explore the relationship between CTE severity and dementia risk. Findings revealed that CTE prevalence at death ranged from 18.5% to 98.7%, with nearly a quarter of players who died between 2016-2021 exhibiting CTE neuropathology; additionally, stage IV CTE was significantly associated with diagnosed dementia.

Daniel H Daneshvar, Christopher J Nowinski, Bobak Abdolmohammadi, Charlotte B Luster, Madeline Uretsky, Brett M Martin, Joseph N Palmisano, Jennifer Weuve, Michael D McClean, Jonathan D Cherry, Brigid Dwyer, Evan D Feigel, Michael J Mastrodicasa, Victor E Alvarez, Gil D Rabinovici, William W Seeley, Lea T Grinberg, John F Crary, Thor D Stein, Lee Goldstein, Douglas I Katz, Ross D Zafonte, Yorghos Tripodis, Robert C Cantu, Robert A Stern, Michael L Alosco, Ann C McKee, Jesse Mez

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