Effect of exercise on bone health in middle aged and older adults: hierarchical network meta-analysis of randomised trials
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The authors aimed to determine the types and doses of exercise necessary to maintain bone mineral density (BMD) and reduce fracture risk in adults aged 40 and older. Their hierarchical network meta-analysis of 124 randomized trials found that brisk walking, jogging, and combined aerobic-resistance exercises likely improve BMD, with clinically meaningful benefits achievable at around 600 METs-min/week. Additionally, mixed aerobic and mind-body exercises may help reduce fracture risk, although the overall evidence quality was low to moderate.
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