June 18, 2026 · Kidney international · DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2026.04.012

What does it mean to win? Interpreting hierarchical kidney outcomes in hypertension trials

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The authors investigate how hierarchical composite kidney outcomes, analyzed through win statistics, can provide a clearer understanding of kidney health in hypertension trials. They specifically examine the behavior of these outcomes when major kidney events are rare, revealing that the win statistic often reflects kidney function trajectories and is influenced by the measurement and definition of the estimated glomerular filtration rate slope. This study aims to enhance the interpretation of kidney outcomes in clinical trials by addressing limitations of traditional composite endpoints.

Amélie Bernier-Jean

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