May 9, 2026 · American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2026.04.043

The effect of metformin on perinatal outcomes in pregnant women with type 2 diabetes differs by baseline insulin requirements

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The authors aimed to investigate whether baseline insulin requirements influence the effects of metformin on perinatal outcomes in pregnant women with type 2 diabetes. Their analysis of the MOMPOD trial revealed that metformin significantly reduced the risk of adverse neonatal outcomes in participants with low insulin requirements (<30 units), while also mitigating increases in insulin needs for those with higher requirements (>60 units). These findings suggest that the efficacy of metformin in this population may vary based on individual insulin needs, warranting further research to explore the underlying mechanisms.

Kevin S Shrestha, Claire Jensen, Kim Boggess, Gladys A Ramos, Ashley N Battarbee

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