The American journal of medicine
Audio Summaries

Prognostic Impact of Pleural Effusion in Acute Heart Failure and Its Link to Diuretic Therapy

Jun 11, 2026

The authors aimed to determine the prognostic significance of pleural effusion in elderly patients with acute heart failure and its relationship with loop diuretic therapy. They found that while pleural effusion was linked to an increased risk of death and rehospitalization, this risk was mitigated in patients discharged on loop diuretics. This suggests that individualized treatment strategies targeting congestion may improve outcomes in this population.

Epiploic Appendagitis

Jun 10, 2026

The article by Xiaodong Zhang investigates epiploic appendagitis, a condition characterized by inflammation of the epiploic appendages, which are small pouches of fat attached to the colon. The author aims to clarify the etiology, clinical presentation, and management strategies for this often-misdiagnosed condition. Through this exploration, the paper seeks to enhance understanding and improve diagnostic accuracy for epiploic appendagitis in clinical practice.

The Popeye signs: a case study in the pitfalls of medical eponyms

Jun 9, 2026

The authors, Stéphane Mathis and Gwendal Le Masson, explore the challenges and potential misunderstandings associated with the use of medical eponyms, specifically focusing on the "Popeye signs." They aim to highlight how reliance on such terms can lead to confusion in clinical practice and hinder effective communication among healthcare professionals.

Sleep Apnea and the Ageing Brain: Bridging Mechanisms and Clinical Outcomes

Jun 9, 2026

This paper investigates the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and cognitive decline in aging individuals, exploring the underlying mechanisms that may contribute to this association. The authors highlight the multifactorial pathophysiology of OSA, including intermittent hypoxia and neuroinflammation, while noting the uncertainty surrounding the cognitive benefits of OSA treatment, particularly continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). They call for further research to clarify the impact of OSA treatment on cognitive outcomes and to identify effective intervention strategies.

Optimal Medical Therapy in Patients with Chronic Coronary Syndrome Undergoing PCI: Temporal Trends and Outcomes

Jun 9, 2026

The authors aimed to evaluate temporal trends in optimal medical therapy (OMT) among patients with chronic coronary syndrome undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and its impact on outcomes, particularly major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). They found that while there was an increase in the proportion of patients receiving more intensive therapy and improved risk factor control, those on high-intensity therapy experienced higher rates of MACE compared to those on low-intensity therapy, indicating that residual risk persists despite advancements in treatment.

What Are We Treating? The Need for Broader Provider Understanding of POTS, Its Nature, and Care

Jun 5, 2026

The authors aim to address the evolving understanding of Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS), highlighting its classification as a multisystem disorder rather than solely a cardiovascular issue. They emphasize the need for a broader provider perspective and a multidisciplinary approach to optimize diagnosis and care for patients presenting with a diverse array of symptoms associated with POTS.

Folate testing: a time old overuse issue

May 23, 2026

The authors investigate the persistent issue of overuse in folate testing within clinical practice. They aim to address the reasons behind this overutilization and its implications for patient care and healthcare resources. Through their analysis, they seek to provide insights into optimizing folate testing protocols.

Effect of Cumulative Blood Pressure Exposure on Long-Term Cardiovascular Outcomes in the Community, a Nationwide Cohort Study

May 22, 2026

The authors aimed to determine whether cumulative blood pressure exposure over a 10-year period could enhance the prediction of long-term cardiovascular outcomes compared to traditional models that rely on single blood pressure measurements. Their findings indicate that incorporating cumulative blood pressure data significantly improves the prediction of hard cardiovascular events, stroke, and all-cause mortality, suggesting that this approach could lead to more personalized risk assessments in clinical settings.

Cost-Effectiveness of Recombinant Zoster Vaccine (Shingrix) in U.S. Adults Aged ≥50 Years

May 22, 2026

The authors aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of the recombinant zoster vaccine (Shingrix) in U.S. adults aged 50 years and older, considering new evidence on its long-term efficacy and pricing. Their analysis revealed that the vaccine is cost-effective for individuals aged 60 and older, with an optimal vaccination age identified around 54 years. The study underscores the importance of ongoing assessments of the vaccine's long-term protection and the potential need for booster doses.

250 Years of Medicine and Democracy in America

May 22, 2026

This perspective piece explores how the evolution of medicine and democracy in the United States has been mutually reinforcing, shaped by shared values of human dignity and collective responsibility. The authors examine the historical interplay between democratic ideals and public health, highlighting both achievements and ongoing challenges such as disparities and trust erosion. They argue that revitalizing the connection between medicine and democracy is crucial for advancing equitable healthcare and fostering a just society.