March 17, 2026 · The New England journal of medicine · DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2516087

High-Flow or Standard Oxygen in Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure

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The authors aimed to determine the effects of high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy compared to standard oxygen therapy on intubation rates and mortality in patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. In a multicenter trial involving 1,110 patients, they found no significant difference in 28-day mortality rates between the two groups, although the high-flow group had a lower incidence of intubation. Overall, high-flow oxygen did not demonstrate a significant advantage in reducing mortality for these patients.

Jean-Pierre Frat, Jean-Pierre Quenot, Christophe Guitton, Rémi Coudroy, Arnaud Gacouin, Julio Badie, Alexandre Demoule, Damien Contou, Guillaume Carteaux, Stephan Ehrmann, Fabien Jarousseau, Nicholas Sedillot, Jean-Philippe Rigaud, Jean Reignier, François Beloncle, Anne-Florence Dureau, Alexis Ferré, Cédric Daubin, Anna Bourreau, Agathe Delbove, Gaël Pradel, Abdelhamid Fatah, Gwenhael Colin, Guillaume Deniel, Olivier Lamouret, Béatrice La Combe, Gwénaël Prat, Louis-Marie Galerneau, Gaël Bourdin, Gautier Julien, Anaïs Curtiaud, Mélanie Saint-Léger, Emanuele Turbil, Faustine Reynaud, Louis Chamblet, Stéphanie Ragot, Arnaud W Thille, SOHO Trial Group and the REVA Network

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High-Flow or Standard Oxygen in Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure

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