Associations of anti-Müllerian hormone with primordial follicle density and in vitro maturation outcomes in girls with transfusion-dependent thalassemia undergoing fertility preservation

The authors aimed to investigate the relationship between serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels, primordial follicle density (PFD), and in vitro maturation (IVM) outcomes in pediatric and adolescent girls with transfusion-dependent thalassemia undergoing fertility preservation. They found that while AMH levels were not correlated with PFD, higher AMH was positively associated with increased oocyte yield and improved maturation rates during IVM. The study highlights the need for cautious interpretation of AMH in fertility preservation counseling, as it does not serve as a reliable surrogate for the primordial follicle pool.