Efficacy of Physical Modalities for Hemiplegic Shoulder Pain After Stroke: A Systematic Review

The authors aimed to systematically review the efficacy and safety of physical modalities for managing hemiplegic shoulder pain (HSP) in stroke survivors, comparing these interventions to sham or standard care. Their findings indicate that various physical modalities, including electrotherapy, shock wave therapy, and laser therapy, may significantly reduce pain and improve function, although the evidence is of low to very low certainty and highlights the need for further research on long-term effectiveness and safety.