June 10, 2026 · Fertility and sterility · DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2026.06.015

Reproductive Outcomes in Programmed Ovulatory versus Modified Natural Cycle FET: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis of Prospective and Retrospective Cohorts

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The authors aimed to compare reproductive outcomes between a new programmed ovulatory frozen-thawed embryo transfer protocol (PO-FET) and the traditional modified natural cycle (mNC) FET in normo-ovulatory women. Their analysis, which included 170 matched cycles from each group, found no significant differences in live birth rates, clinical pregnancy rates, or miscarriage rates between the two protocols. This suggests that the use of hCG may not be necessary, allowing for flexibility in protocol choice based on patient and clinician preferences.

Philippos Edimiris, Timur Tekesin, Noemi Hamala, Tanja Kristina Eggersmann, Georg Griesinger, Jan-Steffen Kruessel, Dunja Maria Baston-Buest, Alexandra Petra Bielfeld

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