Lancet
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Safety, pharmacokinetics, and exploratory efficacy of the oral ghrelin receptor agonist AC01 in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (GOAL-HF1): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1b/2a study

Jun 24, 2026

This study aimed to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and preliminary efficacy of AC01, an oral ghrelin receptor agonist, in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). The results indicated that AC01 was generally safe and well tolerated over 28 days, with no major adverse events reported, suggesting potential for further investigation in larger trials.

Efficacy and safety of tirofiban after successful endovascular reperfusion in acute ischaemic stroke (ATTRACTION) in China: a multicentre, double-blind, randomised controlled trial

Jun 24, 2026

The authors aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tirofiban, a glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonist, in improving functional independence in patients with acute ischaemic stroke following successful endovascular reperfusion. In a multicentre, double-blind, randomized controlled trial involving 1,380 patients, tirofiban was found to significantly increase the likelihood of functional independence at 90 days compared to placebo, although there was no significant difference in the rates of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage or mortality between the two groups.

Non-invasive removal of the Smart tracheal occlusion device for fetal congenital diaphragmatic hernia: a single-arm, open-label, phase 1 study

Jun 23, 2026

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of a novel non-invasive tracheal occlusion device (Smart-TO) for treating congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) in fetuses, which eliminates the need for a second intervention to restore airway patency. The results demonstrated a 100% deflation rate of the device using magnetic resonance imaging, with all infants having the balloon successfully expelled from their airways at birth, indicating a significant advancement in fetal surgery for CDH. Overall, the findings suggest that the Smart-TO device is effective and safe for use in this clinical context.

Combined bladder-kidney transplantation: first-in-human feasibility trial

Jun 23, 2026

The authors investigate the feasibility and safety of combined bladder-kidney transplantation as a novel treatment for patients with terminal bladder dysfunction and end-stage kidney disease. The first-in-human trial demonstrated successful surgical outcomes, with the patient maintaining good renal and bladder function, sensation, and continence beyond six months post-transplantation, suggesting this approach may be a viable option for select patients requiring immunosuppression.

The UCL-Lancet Commission on Migration and Health: review of the state of progress

Jun 18, 2026

The authors review the progress made since the UCL-Lancet Commission on Migration and Health's 2018 publication, highlighting the urgent need for improved health care access for refugees and migrants amid rising global migration trends and the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. They emphasize the importance of incorporating health considerations into migration policies, establishing monitoring systems, and addressing the health consequences of climate change. Ultimately, the authors call for strong leadership and accountability to enhance the health outcomes and rights of people on the move.

Cervical cancer mortality trends following HPV vaccination in England, 2001-24: an analysis of population-based mortality data

Jun 17, 2026

The authors aimed to investigate the impact of the HPV vaccination program on cervical cancer mortality trends in England from 2001 to 2024, particularly among young women. Their analysis revealed a significant reduction in cervical cancer deaths, with a 100% mortality reduction in women aged 20-24 who were vaccinated at ages 12-13, supporting the effectiveness of high vaccination coverage in achieving cervical cancer elimination goals.

Patellar resurfacing in total knee replacement: 20-year clinical and economic results of a large multicentre, randomised controlled trial in the UK

Jun 17, 2026

This study aimed to evaluate the long-term clinical and economic outcomes of patellar resurfacing during total knee replacement (TKR) over a 20-year period. The findings indicated no significant difference in the primary outcome measure, the Oxford Knee Score, between resurfaced and non-resurfaced groups; however, the resurfaced group demonstrated significantly higher quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) and a high probability of being cost-effective. Overall, the evidence suggests that patellar resurfacing may be the preferred approach in TKR despite the lack of significant differences in some clinical endpoints.

Benzylpenicillin versus flucloxacillin or cloxacillin for the treatment of penicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia (SNAP): an international, multicentre, open-label, non-inferiority randomised controlled trial

Jun 17, 2026

The authors aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of benzylpenicillin versus anti-staphylococcal penicillins (flucloxacillin or cloxacillin) in treating penicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia in adults. Although the study did not meet the prespecified non-inferiority criterion for mortality, benzylpenicillin demonstrated a high probability of non-inferiority and a significantly lower risk of acute kidney injury, suggesting it may be the preferred treatment option.

SPIRIT 2025 statement: updated guideline for protocols of randomised trials

Jun 15, 2026

The authors aimed to systematically update the SPIRIT (Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials) guidelines to enhance the completeness and relevance of randomized trial protocols. Through a Delphi consensus process involving 317 participants, they introduced new items, revised existing ones, and integrated recommendations from other reporting guidelines, resulting in a comprehensive checklist of 34 minimum items for trial protocols. The updated SPIRIT 2025 statement is designed to improve transparency and completeness, benefiting various stakeholders in the research community.

Mezigdomide, carfilzomib, and dexamethasone versus carfilzomib and dexamethasone in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (SUCCESSOR-2): a phase 3, open-label, randomised controlled trial

Jun 14, 2026

The SUCCESSOR-2 trial aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of mezigdomide in combination with carfilzomib and dexamethasone compared to carfilzomib and dexamethasone alone in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. Results showed that the mezigdomide combination significantly improved progression-free survival (18.0 months vs. 8.3 months) but was associated with higher rates of grade 3 or 4 adverse events. These findings suggest that mezigdomide-carfilzomib-dexamethasone is a promising treatment option for patients with limited therapeutic options due to prior exposure to anti-CD38 antibodies and lenalidomide.