American journal of ophthalmology
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Short-Term Axial Length Changes Predict Progression of Myopic Maculopathy in Pediatric High Myopia

Mar 23, 2026

The authors aimed to determine whether short-term changes in axial length (AL) and spherical equivalent (SE) could predict long-term progression of myopic maculopathy (MM) in children and adolescents with high myopia. Their findings revealed that both baseline AL and the rate of AL change over two years were significant predictors of MM progression over an eight-year period, with nearly one-third of participants experiencing progression. This study underscores the potential for early identification of at-risk individuals through monitoring AL changes, facilitating timely interventions.

Quantifying Orbital Segmentation in Thyroid Eye Disease- Fat to Muscle Ratio correlates with Restrictive Strabismus

Mar 22, 2026

The authors aimed to evaluate the role of the orbital fat-to-muscle ratio (FMR) in predicting restrictive strabismus in patients with Thyroid Eye Disease (TED). Their findings indicate that a lower FMR is associated with increased risk of restrictive ocular motility and strabismus, suggesting that quantitative FMR derived from CT imaging can serve as a valuable biomarker for assessing disease severity and guiding clinical management in TED.

Imaging Measures for the Assessment of Disease Activity in Non-Infectious Posterior Uveitis - Multimodal Imaging in Uveitis (MUV) Taskforce: Report 10

Mar 20, 2026

The authors aimed to develop standardized imaging-based measures for assessing disease activity in non-infectious posterior uveitis (NIPU) by categorizing imaging features into those suggestive of active disease, inactive disease, or equivocal. Through a structured consensus process involving expert review and voting, they identified 21 features indicative of active disease and 12 of inactive disease, with 16 features requiring further investigation. This study enhances the framework for objective disease assessment in NIPU, supporting both clinical practice and future research.

NON-INFECTIOUS POSTERIOR UVEITIDES - Atypicals, Variants, and Masquerades: the jungle of differential diagnosis

Mar 20, 2026

The authors aim to clarify the complexities of diagnosing non-infectious posterior uveitides (NIPUs), which encompass a diverse range of inflammatory disorders with overlapping features that complicate differential diagnosis. They discuss atypical presentations, variants, and masquerade syndromes that may mimic NIPUs, emphasizing the need for high-quality multimodal imaging and future research to improve classification and treatment strategies. The review highlights the importance of integrating clinical context to navigate the diagnostic challenges associated with these conditions.

Swept-Source OCT Angiography Vascular Metrics as Biomarkers for Renal Function in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

Mar 19, 2026

This study investigates the potential of swept-source OCT Angiography (SS-OCTA) metrics as non-invasive biomarkers for diabetic nephropathy (DN) in patients with diabetes mellitus. The authors found that non-perfusion area (NPA) is significantly associated with the presence and severity of DN, as well as with chronic kidney disease (CKD) risk categories. The results suggest that OCTA metrics could serve as valuable tools for predicting DN and assessing its severity.

Outcomes and Risk Factors for Failure After PRESERFLO™ MicroShunt Implantation in a Multicenter Japanese Cohort

Mar 18, 2026

The authors aimed to evaluate the real-world outcomes of PRESERFLO™ MicroShunt (PMS) implantation and identify risk factors for surgical failure in a large multicenter Japanese cohort. They found that PMS implantation significantly reduced intraocular pressure and medication use over 12 months, with complete success rates varying by criteria. Key risk factors for failure included higher medication use and prior cataract surgery, while older age and posterior tube fixation were associated with better outcomes.

Long-term follow-up of PLACE and SPECTRA trials: outcomes after successful and unsuccessful half-dose photodynamic therapy for chronic central serous chorioretinopathy

Mar 18, 2026

The authors aimed to evaluate and compare the long-term functional and structural outcomes of patients with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (cCSC) who underwent successful versus unsuccessful first half-dose photodynamic therapy (PDT). Their findings indicate that patients with successful PDT experienced significantly better visual acuity and lower rates of subretinal fluid recurrence compared to those with unsuccessful treatment, although visual acuity remained stable in both groups after the initial follow-up.

Optic Disc Structural Progression in Glaucoma Suspect Eyes with Microvascular Dropout

Mar 13, 2026

The authors aimed to investigate the relationship between structural progression of the optic disc, β-zone parapapillary atrophy (PPA) progression, and microvascular dropout (MvD) in glaucoma suspect eyes. Their findings indicate that both MvD and β-zone PPA progression are independently associated with structural optic disc progression, even in eyes that remain clinically stable without converting to perimetric glaucoma. This recognition of structural changes could improve management strategies to prevent glaucomatous vision loss.

Spherical Equivalent Refraction versus Axial Length for Monitoring Childhood Myopia and Estimating Disease Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Mar 13, 2026

The authors aimed to evaluate whether spherical equivalent refraction (SER) or axial length (AL) is a more effective measure for monitoring childhood myopia progression and predicting related adult pathologies. Their systematic review and meta-analysis of 70 studies revealed that while AL thresholds identify a small group at high retinal risk, SER provides a more comprehensive assessment of cataract and primary open-angle glaucoma risks across the broader myopic population. Consequently, they recommend using SER as the primary metric for monitoring childhood myopia, with AL reserved for cases of significant axial elongation.

Association Between Pseudoexfoliation Glaucoma and Central Serous Chorioretinopathy

Mar 12, 2026

The authors aimed to determine whether pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PXG) is linked to a higher risk of developing central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) compared to primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). Their retrospective cohort study found that patients with PXG had a significantly increased hazard of developing CSCR within both 1 and 5 years of glaucoma diagnosis. These results suggest a potential association between PXG and increased susceptibility to posterior segment vascular issues, warranting further investigation into the underlying mechanisms.