April 22, 2026 · Contraception · DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2026.111461

PASS, VAS, or Satisfaction: A prospective observational study of IUD placement pain experiences

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The authors aimed to identify factors associated with unacceptable Patient Acceptable Symptom State (PASS) responses, Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores, and overall satisfaction during intrauterine device (IUD) placement. They found that higher anticipated and experienced pain, as well as personal trauma history, significantly correlated with unacceptable PASS responses, while satisfaction was influenced by pain levels but did not always align with acceptability. The study concludes that IUD placement pain experiences are complex and influenced by multiple factors beyond just pain intensity.

Sara McAllaster, Gentry Carter, Rebecca G Simmons, Jami Baayd, David K Turok, Lori M Gawron

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