Journal of the American College of Radiology : JACR
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Motion-Related Repeat MRI Sequences in a High-Volume Health System: Operational Burden and Heterogeneous Diagnostic Benefit

Sep 22, 2026

The authors aimed to quantify the operational burden of motion-related repeat MRI sequences in a high-volume health system and assess their impact on image quality and diagnostic confidence for brain MRI and MRCP. They found that while repeat acquisitions for brain MRI significantly improved image quality and confidence, the benefits were limited for MRCP, highlighting the need for targeted motion-mitigation strategies to optimize imaging efficiency and reduce unnecessary repeats.

Opportunistic Screening for Cardiovascular and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Biomarkers and Implications for Downstream Care: A Retrospective Lung Cancer Screening Cohort Study

Sep 21, 2026

The authors aimed to investigate the prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) biomarkers in asymptomatic lung cancer screening participants and their implications for subsequent healthcare. They found that a significant percentage of participants had emphysema (76.7%) and coronary artery calcium (CAC) (65.1%), with both conditions linked to increased cardiopulmonary care following low-dose CT screening. Additionally, social determinants of health, such as income and food insecurity, were associated with the prevalence of emphysema, highlighting the need for equitable healthcare pathways.

Interventional Radiology Procedural Complexity: Evaluation and Management Services and Other Factors Associated With Higher Complexity Procedural Work

Sep 17, 2026

The authors aimed to evaluate the relationship between evaluation and management (E&M) services, the specialization of radiologists in interventional radiology (IR), and procedural complexity in interventional radiology practices. Their findings indicate that a higher degree of individual radiologist specialization in IR is a stronger predictor of procedural complexity than practice-level specialization, with nonphysician practitioners' E&M services also significantly associated with increased complexity.

Structural brain imaging for newly diagnosed cognitive impairment by Medicare coverage type

Sep 15, 2026

The authors aimed to assess the adherence to guideline-recommended structural brain imaging for newly diagnosed cognitive impairment among Medicare beneficiaries, examining differences based on Medicare coverage type. They found that overall imaging rates were low, particularly among dual-eligible beneficiaries and those enrolled in Medicare Advantage plans, highlighting a significant gap in care that necessitates efforts to improve equitable access to these diagnostic procedures.

Prospective Shadow-Mode Evaluation of an Artificial Intelligence Tool for Intracranial Aneurysm Detection on CT Angiography: Incremental Yield and Operational Impact

Sep 15, 2026

The authors aimed to evaluate the operational performance of an FDA-cleared artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm for detecting intracranial aneurysms in brain CT angiography (CTA) and to assess the added value of combining AI with radiologist assessments. The study found that the AI demonstrated higher sensitivity than radiologists alone, identified additional aneurysms, and showed favorable operational metrics, particularly in inpatient settings, suggesting its potential for effective integration into clinical practice.

Human Judgment and the Limits of Artificial Intelligence for Automated Rank Order Lists in Diagnostic Radiology Residency Selection

Sep 11, 2026

The authors aimed to evaluate the reliability of large language models (LLMs) in generating rank order lists (ROLs) for diagnostic radiology residency selection based solely on pre-interview application data compared to including human interview scores. The study found that LLMs showed low agreement with the final ROL when using application-only data, while including human input significantly improved alignment. Additionally, LLM-generated rankings exhibited systematic biases against certain applicant subgroups, indicating that AI should not replace human judgment in this context.

Breast Cancer Method of Detection: Screening Associated with Favorable Tumor Characteristics, Treatment, and Survival Across Age Groups

Sep 11, 2026

The authors aimed to investigate the associations between the method of breast cancer detection (screening vs. non-screening) and various factors such as patient demographics, tumor characteristics, treatment patterns, and survival outcomes. Their findings revealed that screen-detected cancers were linked to more favorable tumor characteristics, less aggressive treatment, and significantly improved survival rates compared to non-screen-detected cancers, highlighting the importance of screening in breast cancer management.

AI Monitoring AI with LLMs: The American College of Radiology's Imaging AI Registry

Sep 3, 2026

The authors aim to describe a technical workflow for scalable automated monitoring of artificial intelligence (AI) in radiology through the Assess-AI registry. They developed and optimized large language model (LLM) prompts to extract clinically relevant findings from radiology reports, achieving high agreement with reference standards for specific use cases. While the workflow demonstrates feasibility for report-finding extraction, the independent accuracy and clinical utility of the approach remain to be established.

Addressing Access to Advanced Diagnostic Techniques: A National Geospatial Study on SPECT-CT Imaging Access Across Geographic and Demographic Groups

Sep 1, 2026

This study aims to characterize the geographic and sociodemographic disparities in access to SPECT-CT imaging facilities across the United States. The authors found significant inequalities in access, particularly related to race and population density, with urban and coastal areas having higher facility densities. The findings highlight the need for improved access to promote preventative care and address these disparities.

Association of Office-Visit Imaging Utilization with Radiologist Versus Ordering Provider Imaging Interpretation

Sep 1, 2026

The authors aimed to investigate how the percentage of imaging studies interpreted by radiologists versus ordering providers affects the likelihood of imaging orders following office-based evaluation and management visits. Their analysis of over 24 million visits revealed that practices with higher radiologist interpretation rates had lower odds of ordering imaging, while those with higher self-interpretation rates by ordering providers had increased odds of imaging orders. This relationship varied based on provider subspecialty and patient diagnosis.