March 16, 2026 · Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine · DOI: 10.1177/23259671251364395

Contemporary Markup Trends in Orthopaedic Sports Procedures: An Analysis of 2014-2021 Medicare Data

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The authors aimed to quantify the markup ratios (MRs) for the 15 highest-volume orthopaedic sports procedures and assess trends from 2014 to 2021, hypothesizing that these MRs would remain persistently high. Their analysis revealed that MRs for these procedures were consistently elevated, with no significant changes over the study period, despite a decline in inflation-adjusted Medicare reimbursement. This study highlights the ongoing issue of price transparency and affordability in orthopaedic sports medicine.

Adam A Rizk, Andrew G Kim, Andrew J Moyal, Victoria J Nedder, Robert J Burkhart, Jeremy M Adelstein, Michael J Salata, James E Voos, Jacob G Calcei

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