Physical Therapy Assistant
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Lateral Tibial Posterior Slope Induces Anterior Tibial Translation While Lateral-Medial Slope Difference Induces Internal Rotation: A Cadaveric Biomechanical Study

This study aimed to investigate how changes in medial and lateral posterior tibial slope (PTS) affect anterior tibial translation (ATT) and internal rotation (IR) during axial loading. The findings revealed that an increase in lateral PTS significantly increased ATT, while the difference between medial and lateral PTS (delta PTS) was the primary factor influencing IR. These insights could inform surgical approaches to optimize tibiofemoral kinematics in ACL injury and reconstruction.

Indications for Isolated Arthroscopic Bankart Repair in the Adolescent Shoulder May Be Limited: Bipolar Bone Loss and Low Distance to Dislocation Found Commonly in an Adolescent Population With Glenohumeral Instability

This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of bone loss and its correlation with various factors in adolescent patients presenting with anterior shoulder instability. The findings revealed that 34.3% of the adolescents had bipolar bone loss, with male sex and a history of five or more dislocations identified as independent predictors. The high prevalence of off-track lesions and short distance to dislocation suggests that isolated arthroscopic Bankart repair may not be adequate for many adolescents with this condition.

Autologous Platelet-Rich Plasma-Enriched Chondral Matrix Implantation Improves Cartilage Repair in an Ovine Model: A Magnetic Resonance Assessment Using the MOCART 2.0 Scoring System

The authors aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of autologous chondral platelet-rich plasma matrix implantation (PACI) in enhancing cartilage repair in an ovine model, using magnetic resonance imaging and the MOCART 2.0 scoring system. The results indicated that PACI treatment significantly improved cartilage repair compared to control treatments, demonstrating better defect filling, integration with surrounding cartilage, and overall structural quality. These findings suggest that PACI combined with plasma rich in growth factors could be a promising approach for treating focal cartilage defects in active patients.

Periacetabular Osteotomy and Combined Open Femoral Head-Neck Junction Osteochondroplasty: A Concise Follow-up of a Previous Report at a Mean 10-Year Follow-up

The authors aimed to compare the long-term outcomes, reoperation rates, and survivorship of periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) with and without concurrent open femoral head-neck junction osteochondroplasty (OCP) in patients with hip dysplasia. Their findings indicate that while both procedures resulted in similar clinical improvements after a mean follow-up of 10 years, the PAO-only group experienced significantly higher reoperation rates due to residual impingement, suggesting that adding OCP may reduce the need for secondary interventions without compromising overall outcomes. Further research is recommended to explore the long-term effects of residual impingement on joint health following PAO.

Exercise-only interventions and exercise-based multidomain lifestyle interventions to promote cognitive function in older adults without dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

The authors aimed to evaluate the effects of exercise-only interventions versus exercise combined with other lifestyle changes on cognitive functions in older adults without dementia. Their systematic review and meta-analysis revealed that exercise-only significantly improved executive functions, memory, and processing speed compared to control, while exercise-plus was only superior to control for memory and outperformed exercise-only in executive functions and processing speed. The study suggests promoting exercise training for cognitive benefits in older adults, while highlighting the need for further research on the advantages of multidomain interventions.

Examining the pregnancy and postpartum experiences of Para athletes in elite sport: a qualitative description study

This study aims to explore the pregnancy and postpartum experiences of elite para athletes, highlighting the unique challenges they face due to their disabilities. Through qualitative interviews with 11 athletes, the authors identify key themes such as gaps in disability-specific knowledge, the need for training modifications, and the importance of supportive policies. The findings underscore the necessity for tailored, disability-informed approaches to enhance the participation of para athletes in elite sports during and after pregnancy.

Prevalence and significance of anterior T-wave inversion in elite football players in the United Kingdom

The authors aimed to assess the prevalence and significance of anterior T-wave inversion (ATWI) in elite football players of Black and non-Black ethnicity in the UK. They found that ATWI was significantly more common in Black athletes (10.8%) compared to non-Black athletes (1.3%), but this repolarisation pattern was not associated with major cardiac pathology in either group. Notably, the only case of cardiomyopathy identified occurred in a non-Black athlete, suggesting that ATWI may not indicate underlying heart issues in Black athletes.

Maternal and fetal cardiovascular response to moderate-to-vigorous intensity exercise in singleton and twin pregnancies

The authors aimed to investigate the maternal and fetal cardiovascular responses to moderate-to-vigorous exercise in singleton versus twin pregnancies, addressing the lack of empirical evidence behind current exercise guidelines for pregnant individuals carrying twins. They found that while resting heart rate and mean arterial pressure were higher in women with twin pregnancies, the cardiovascular responses to submaximal exercise were similar between both groups, and exercise did not adversely affect fetal well-being.

Labral Repair With Concomitant Endoscopic Gluteus Medius and/or Minimus Repair: Outcomes at a Minimum 5-Year Follow-up Relative to a Propensity Score-Matched Control Group

The authors aimed to compare patient-reported outcomes (PROs), clinically significant outcomes, and reoperation-free survival between patients undergoing concomitant endoscopic gluteus medius/minimus repair and arthroscopic labral repair versus those receiving isolated labral repair. Their findings indicate that both groups experienced significant improvements in PROs over a minimum five-year follow-up, with no significant differences in outcomes or reoperation rates, suggesting that managing abductor abnormalities alongside labral repair does not compromise patient outcomes.

Outcomes and Return-to-Sport Rates of Competitive Athletes Treated for Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome With Contemporary Hip Arthroscopy Techniques: A Matched Comparison to Early Techniques

The authors aimed to compare patient-reported outcomes (PROs) and return-to-sport (RTS) rates between athletes treated for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS) using contemporary hip arthroscopy techniques versus early techniques. The study found that athletes in the contemporary cohort experienced significantly greater improvements in PROs and a higher RTS rate (97.6% vs. 81.0%) compared to those treated with early techniques. Overall, contemporary techniques yielded better clinical outcomes for athletes undergoing hip arthroscopy for FAIS and labral tears.