August 24, 2026 · Emergency medicine journal : EMJ · DOI: 10.1136/emermed-2026-216046

What factors influence ambulance conveyance decisions when dealing with acutely unwell children? A systematic literature review

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This systematic literature review investigates the factors influencing ambulance conveyance decisions for acutely unwell children, aiming to understand how paramedics determine whether to transport patients to emergency departments. The authors identify three main themes affecting these decisions: the health system context, child clinical presentation, and safety considerations related to clinician experience and protocols. They conclude that while conveyance decisions are complex and context-dependent, further research is needed to incorporate family perspectives and develop evidence-based protocols for non-conveyance.

Simon Thomas Robinson, Will Broughton, Julia Williams

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