American journal of perinatology
Audio Summaries

Pancreas Size and Fat Content Increase during Pregnancy and Correlate with Glycemic Control

Mar 23, 2026

This study investigates how the size and fat content of the pancreas change during pregnancy and postpartum in humans, and how these changes correlate with glycemic control, adiposity, and breastfeeding. The authors found that pancreas size increased by approximately 20% during pregnancy and was associated with higher fasting blood glucose levels and whole-body fat mass. Additionally, early high pancreatic fat content may predict impaired glucose tolerance, while breastfeeding was linked to a smaller decline in pancreas size postpartum.

Harnessing Large Language Models in Neonatal IVH: Exploring RAG Methodology for Prognostic Variable Discovery

Mar 23, 2026

The authors aimed to evaluate the ability of large language models (LLMs) to autonomously synthesize literature and extract prognostic variables related to neonatal intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) outcomes. Their pilot study found that LLMs could identify key predictors such as gestational age and birth weight, while also highlighting the need for human validation due to potential inaccuracies in the data synthesis process. The findings suggest a foundation for developing AI-assisted clinical decision support tools, although significant research gaps remain in understanding resolution predictions and complications.

Study Design of the Global Prospective Hemolytic Disease of the Fetus and Newborn Registry (GERANIUM)

Mar 20, 2026

The authors aim to address significant gaps in understanding the safety and effectiveness of current management strategies for hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN) through the Global Prospective Hemolytic Disease of the Fetus and Newborn Registry (GERANIUM). This prospective, observational study will enroll approximately 175 alloimmunized pregnant individuals and collect longitudinal data on treatment patterns, clinical outcomes, and the impact of HDFN on both infants and their families over a two-year period post-birth. By providing real-world data, GERANIUM seeks to enhance knowledge of HDFN management and its long-term effects.

PTSD, anxiety, and depression in patients after undergoing cesarean hysterectomy for placenta accreta spectrum disorder

Mar 20, 2026

The authors aimed to determine the prevalence of PTSD, anxiety, and depression in patients who underwent cesarean hysterectomy for placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) and to explore whether the complexity of the surgery or physical symptoms like pelvic pain were linked to these mental health outcomes. They found that approximately 21.3% of patients screened positive for PTSD, which is notably higher than in the general postpartum population, while pelvic floor symptoms were associated with increased mental health issues. The study highlights the need for mental health services for patients with PAS, regardless of surgical complexity.

Plain Language Summary of Publication: Design of the Global Prospective Hemolytic Disease of the Fetus and Newborn Registry (GERANIUM)

Mar 20, 2026

The authors aim to design the Global Prospective Hemolytic Disease of the Fetus and Newborn Registry (GERANIUM) to address the lack of real-world data on how hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN) is managed in clinical settings. The registry will collect comprehensive data on HDFN-related outcomes for pregnant individuals and their children, tracking health and well-being over time. This initiative seeks to enhance understanding for both the public and healthcare professionals regarding HDFN management and its impacts.

When pushing is not enough: a novel description of maternal characteristics and delivery outcome

Mar 19, 2026

This study investigates the risk factors associated with vacuum deliveries due to maternal exhaustion and compares maternal and neonatal outcomes to those with other indications. The authors found that exhausted mothers exhibited distinct characteristics, such as longer labor durations and higher rates of certain complications, but overall, vacuum delivery remained safe for both mothers and neonates. The findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to address maternal exhaustion during labor.

The Association of Maternal Body Fat Distribution with Cesarean Delivery, Spontaneous Labor, and Perinatal Morbidity in Women with Body Mass Index ≥ 40 kg/m2

Mar 19, 2026

This study investigates the relationship between maternal body fat distribution, as measured by ultrasonographic and anthropometric methods, and the likelihood of cesarean delivery in women with a body mass index (BMI) of 40 kg/m² or higher. The authors found that specific measures of central adiposity were significantly more predictive of cesarean delivery than BMI alone, suggesting that these fat distribution metrics could be valuable in assessing delivery outcomes. Additionally, the study indicates that similar adiposity measurements may also enhance predictive capabilities in women with normal BMI.

Where's the Cord Gas? Variation in Umbilical Cord Blood Gas Sampling in High-Risk Deliveries

Mar 19, 2026

The authors aimed to assess the prevalence and outcomes of umbilical cord blood gas (UCBG) sampling in high-risk deliveries at a level IV perinatal center, in light of the absence of standardized guidelines. Their findings revealed that while UCBG sampling was attempted in 63% of high-risk deliveries, inconsistencies in sampling practices were prevalent, underscoring the need for standardized protocols to improve screening for hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.

Predictors of Infection After Cesarean Delivery

Mar 18, 2026

The authors aimed to develop and validate a predictive model for infection following cesarean delivery by analyzing preoperative and perioperative characteristics in a multicenter randomized trial. They identified several significant predictors of infection, including tobacco use, high BMI, labor prior to cesarean, and surgical duration, but noted that the model's performance was modest with an AUC of 0.64. The study highlights the need for further refinement of the model to improve its clinical applicability and effectiveness in guiding prevention strategies.

Device Performance and Parental Perception of the Skincubator 2.0, a Wearable Device to Support Prolonged Skin-to-Skin Care for Preterm Infants

Mar 18, 2026

The authors aimed to evaluate the performance of the Skincubator 2.0, a wearable device designed to facilitate prolonged skin-to-skin care (SSC) for preterm infants, and to assess parental satisfaction with its use compared to traditional SSC methods. The study found high success rates for transferring infants using the device and reported that parents expressed greater satisfaction with the safety and convenience of the Skincubator compared to traditional SSC. Overall, the Skincubator appears to effectively support longer SSC sessions while addressing safety concerns for both infants and parents.