March 4, 2026 · Emergency medicine journal : EMJ · DOI: 10.1136/emermed-2025-215417

Hospital CBRN preparedness in Lebanon: a modified Delphi-based assessment tool

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This study aims to develop a comprehensive assessment tool to evaluate hospital preparedness for chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) incidents in Lebanon, a country facing significant risks and resource limitations. Utilizing a modified Delphi method with expert consensus, the authors identified 88 key items across nine categories essential for CBRN preparedness. The resulting tool is intended to enhance readiness in Lebanese hospitals and guide policymakers in strengthening health sector responses to CBRN threats.

Eveline Hitti, Tharwat El Zahran, Ghada Chamandi, Amin Kazzi, Rima Jabbour, Nisrine Bazarbachi, Eid Azar, Ziad Kazzi

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