Surgery
Audio Summaries

Unveiling the lessons from a virtual tobacco cessation program targeting surgical patients

Aug 8, 2026

The authors aimed to evaluate patient engagement in a video-based virtual tobacco cessation program tailored for surgical patients, assessing its effectiveness across various general surgery clinics. Despite the implementation of the program, engagement rates were low, with only 10.3% of patients referred to further support and 5.4% attending at least one follow-up visit. The study highlights the need for further research to identify optimal strategies for engaging the surgical patient population in smoking cessation efforts.

Return to intended oncologic therapy after treatment for cholecystitis in cancer patients

Aug 8, 2026

The authors aimed to investigate the impact of cholecystitis on the ability of cancer patients to return to their intended oncologic treatment within six weeks. They found that only 52.7% of patients were able to resume treatment in that timeframe, with lower rates observed in those with hematologic malignancies and those who underwent drainage procedures. Additionally, the study highlighted a low likelihood of patients undergoing cholecystectomy after receiving a percutaneous cholecystotomy tube, suggesting that this intervention does not facilitate a quicker return to cancer therapy.

Diagnostic performance of computed tomography in differentiating appendiceal diverticulitis from acute appendicitis

Aug 7, 2026

The authors aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of computed tomography (CT) in distinguishing appendiceal diverticulitis from acute appendicitis. The study found that CT had moderate sensitivity (65%) and high specificity (98%) for diagnosing appendiceal diverticulitis, with improved performance in cases without periappendiceal abscess or perforation. This suggests that CT is a reliable diagnostic tool for identifying appendiceal diverticulitis in uncomplicated cases.

First insights into the microbiome of leaks following foregut surgery

Aug 7, 2026

The authors investigate the differences in microbiome composition and clinical outcomes between patients with foregut anastomotic leaks managed endoscopically versus those requiring surgical intervention. Their findings suggest that patients who failed endoscopic management exhibited poorer nutritional status and higher preoperative risk factors, potentially leading to an unfavorable microbial environment that impairs healing. This research highlights the importance of understanding gut microbiomes in developing better prevention and treatment strategies for surgical leaks.

Parenchyma-sparing pancreatectomy for solid pseudopapillary neoplasm of the pancreas: A propensity-matched analysis

Aug 6, 2026

The authors aimed to compare the perioperative and long-term outcomes of parenchyma-sparing pancreatectomy versus conventional resection for solid pseudopapillary neoplasm of the pancreas. Their findings indicate that while parenchyma-sparing pancreatectomy is associated with reduced blood loss, shorter operative time, and shorter hospital stays, it also has a higher overall complication rate, particularly due to postoperative pancreatic fistula. Importantly, both surgical approaches demonstrated equivalent long-term recurrence-free survival, suggesting that parenchyma-sparing techniques may be a viable option for selected patients.

PRSS1^A16V germline mutation is common in a cohort of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas

Aug 6, 2026

The authors aimed to investigate the genetic alterations associated with intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) of the pancreas, specifically exploring the role of the PRSS1^A16V germline mutation in these lesions. Their findings revealed that this mutation is present in a subset of IPMNs and is linked to clinical symptoms and imaging features indicative of early chronic pancreatitis, suggesting that inflammation may play a role in the biology and heterogeneity of these neoplasms.

Younger age is associated with higher recurrence after primary ventral hernia repair: A nationwide register- and survey-based study

Aug 6, 2026

The authors aimed to investigate the relationship between age and the recurrence of primary ventral hernia repair. Their study found that younger patients (ages 20-29) had a significantly higher prevalence of recurrence compared to older age groups, suggesting that age should be considered in preoperative risk counseling for hernia repair.

Peripheral parenteral nutrition improves short-term nutritional status and inflammatory reaction after colorectal resection surgery: A randomized clinical trial

Aug 6, 2026

This study investigates whether early postoperative peripheral parenteral nutrition (PPN) can improve short-term nutritional status and reduce inflammatory responses in patients undergoing colorectal resection surgery compared to conventional saline treatment. The findings indicate that PPN is safe and associated with a lower inflammatory response and better nitrogen balance, suggesting its potential as a beneficial nutritional strategy in postoperative care.

Volume-controlled ventilation versus pressure-controlled ventilation with volume guarantee in emergency surgery: A randomized controlled trial

Aug 5, 2026

This study aimed to compare the effects of pressure-controlled ventilation with volume guarantee versus conventional volume-controlled ventilation on postoperative pulmonary complications in patients undergoing emergency laparotomy. While pressure-controlled ventilation improved intraoperative respiratory mechanics, it did not significantly reduce the incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications compared to volume-controlled ventilation. The authors suggest that further research with a larger sample size is needed to validate these findings and assess the clinical implications of the observed physiological benefits.

Preoperative prebiotic supplementation alleviates colitis and improves anastomotic healing associated with modulation of the gut microbiota in rats

Aug 5, 2026

The authors investigate whether preoperative prebiotic supplementation can alleviate colitis and enhance anastomotic healing in a rat model, particularly in the context of bacterial dysbiosis associated with inflammatory bowel disease. Their findings suggest that a complex prebiotic supplement improves microbial diversity, protects against colitis-related damage, and strengthens anastomotic integrity, indicating its potential role in microbiota-targeted prehabilitation for colorectal surgery patients.